The rabbit monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) have advantages in pharmaceuticals and diagnostics with high affinity and specificity. During the past decade, many techniques have been developed for isolating rabbit mAbs, including single B cell antibody technologies.

This review describes the basic characterization of rabbit antibody repertoire and summarizes methods of hybridoma technologies, phage display platform, and single B cell antibody technologies. With advances in antibody function and repertoire analysis, rabbit mAbs will be widely used in therapeutic applications in the coming years.

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Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) are essential tools in biochemistry, molecular biology, and medical research. mAb therapeutics has revolutionized the approach to many serious human diseases with an increasing speed, and over 230 mAbs were evaluated in phase clinical studies in early 2017.

Many methods exist for the generation and identification of mAbs for both research and therapeutic purposes. The mouse hybridoma method described by Kohler and Milstein in 1975 was the first and most widely used approach for obtaining mouse mAbs.

In the past few decades, several display techniques such as phage display, yeast surface display, ribosome display, and mRNA display technologies have been used for producing mAbs. Although these antibody generation technologies were widely adopted for mAbs screening, these methods were inefficient and required time-consuming operations.

In addition, the natural cognate pairing information of antibodies is lost in display methods, which reduced the specific diversity of antibodies.